Pacifism And Its Types

The dedication to peace and opposition to war is known as pacifism. A pacifist is someone who opposes all wars, whether defensive or offensive, for religious or moral reasons. The term was first used at the 10th International Peace Conference in 1902, therefore it is just a century old.

People become pacifists for a variety of reasons including religious views, a practical opinion that war is wasteful and unproductive, etc.

There are various types of pacifism, but they all share the belief that war and violence are immoral and that problems should be resolved peacefully.

Types:

1. Absolute pacifism

An absolute pacifist thinks that participating in war, even in self-defense, is always wrong. They value human life so much that nothing can justify intentionally killing someone. It believes that using violence to save an innocent person who is being attacked and maybe murdered is unethical, and this is a difficult moral position to hold.

2. Conditional pacifism

This is a form of pacifism that is practiced where, in theory, conditional pacifists oppose war and violence, but they recognize that there are times when fighting is preferable to the alternative.

Conditional pacifists commonly base their moral code on utilitarian considerations, arguing that it is wrong to resort to war or violence because of the negative effects.

3. Selective pacifism

Selective pacifists believe that it is a matter of degree, and only reject conflicts employing weapons of mass destruction – nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons.

4. Active pacifism

As per BBC ethics reports, active pacifists are strongly involved in political activism to promote peace and oppose specific wars.

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