The term ego is one of the most perplexing in psychology. The term “ego” is used to refer to a variety of psychological constructions and processes, and the psychological landscape is littered with terms that include “ego” in some way—egotism, ego-defense, egocentrism, superego, ego-involved, and so on.
Egoism is the philosophical belief that one’s own self is or should be the motivation and objective of one’s own actions. Descriptive and normative egoisms are the two types of egoism. The descriptive variation regards egoism as a true account of human affairs. That is, people are driven by their own desires and interests, and they can’t be characterized any other way.
People should be driven in this way, according to the normative variation, regardless of what motivates them now. The antonym of egoism is altruism. “Egoism” comes from the Latin word “ego,” which means “I” in English. Egoism should be distinguished from egotism, which is defined as a psychological overestimation of one’s own significance.
The role of the self, or ego, as the motivation and purpose of one’s own conduct, is the subject of egoism. Different egoism theories cover a wide range of concepts and can be divided into descriptive and normative categories. That is, they may be interested in defining or prescribing that people act in their own best interests. Other definitions of egoism may place a greater focus on acting in accordance with one’s will rather than one’s self-interest and argue that this is a more accurate definition of egoism.
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